1． Avoid 避免，后接动名词的形式。与此用法相同的词还有：admit，appreciate，consider，
deny，enjoy，practice，be worth，give up，keep on，be used to，consider，suggest，feel like，look forward to，finish，Can’t help, mind, + doing。
2． Bet 意为“打赌”，既可以做及物动词又可以做不及物动词。Bet + 赌注+ on sth，意
为“拿…赌…会赢”
eg，I bet ten yuan on his winning。我拿十元钱赌他会赢。
3． Be good at== do well in；擅长； be good for对…有好处，对…有益处； be good to==be friendly to 对某人很友好；be good with sb与某人相处得好== get on/ along well with sb；
4． e up 出现，发生，种子或植物等长出地面；e up with跟上，赶上，提供，提出；keep
up with赶上；
5． Look forward to 盼望，期望，其中to是介词，后跟名词，代词或V-ing；
hope 后跟that从句或动词不定式；hope to do sth；hope that
Expect后跟名词，动词不定式或不定式的复合结构；expect sth；expect to do sth；expect sb to do sth
6． On one’s own==by oneself，alone 独自，自己
7． It is + adj of sb to do sth这类形容词是具有评价人物行为意味的形容词，这类形
容词有：nice，good，foolish，wise，impolite，brave等等。 It is + adj for sb to do sth 这类形容词不能修饰人的。
8． 1）so that+句子 意为“为了…”，引导目的状语从句，使用时可以用in order to“为
了”进行转换。从句中常用can，could，be able to等情态动词。
Eg, his parents call him every day so that he won’t miss them too much. 2）so …that…（so后跟形容词或副词）意为“如此…以至于…”,引导结果状语从句，当that后的从句是否定时，可以用too…to来替换。当that后的从句是肯定时，可以用“Adj/Adv+ enough to do”来转换。
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word 注意：so …that…与such …that…之间的区别； 注意：二者的区别就是such和so之间的区别：
（1） 后接可数名词单数：such+ a/an+adj +n; so+adj + a/an +n;
（2） 后接不可数名词或可数名词的复数：若后面的形容词是few，many，little，much
时，只能用so；若是除这几个之外的其它形容词时，统统都用such；
（3） So后面可以直接跟adj，adv，而such不可以；eg，he ran so fast that he fell
down。
9． What happened to sb？某人发生了什么事情。 10. In front of 与In the front of之间的区别； 11. operate on sb 为某人做手术
12. give one’s life to献身于；to是介词，后接名词，代词，或动名词； 13．In spite of 尽管== despite
In spite of （despite）与though（although）之间的区别；
though（although）与but的区别，though（although）与but不能同时使用，但是though（although）可以与yet，still同时使用；
But与however之间的区别；
14. in the end= at last，finally 意为“最后”；At the end of 意为“在…的尽头”； By the end of 意为“到…为止”（一般与将来完成时连用完成时连用） 注意：将来完成时，现在完成时，过去完成时之间的区别。
15．Look after sb== take care of sb == care for sb 照顾，关爱；被动式是：sb be taken care of；
Look after sb well== take good care of sb 好好照顾某人 Care about关心，在乎；
Take care 小心，当心== be careful； 16．Both…and…两者都；（谓语动词用复数）
Neither…nor…两者不；either…or…要么…要么…；not only…but also…不仅…而且…；（谓语动词的形式根据“就近原则”而定）
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word 注意：on both sides of the road == on each side of the road 17．Die of & die from
（1）die of 意为“因…而死”，其原因多来自内部；饥饿（hunger），寒冷（cold），毒害（poison），病痛（illness），老龄（old age），疾病（a disease），癌症（cancer）等等；
（2）die from意为“因…而死”，其原因多来自外部；事故（accident），过度劳累（overwork），吸烟（smoking），喝酒（drinking），缺乏食物（lack of food）等等； 注意：be made of与be made from之间的区别；
18．Little & a little；few & a few之间的区别；too much & much too；plenty of，some，a lot of；
19. have to 与must之间的区别：
（1）have to必须，强调的是客观情况使得主语不得不做；有各种人称和时态的变化；have to 的否定是借助助动词do，did，does；而不是在后面直接加上not；
（2）must强调的是说话人的主观意愿；没有人称和时态的变化；must的否定是在其后面加not。
注意：mustn’t意为“禁止”；don’t / didin’t/ doesn’t have to 意为“不必”，同needn’t；
注意：回答must的提问，肯定回答用：must；否定回答用：needn’t或don’t have to；而不是用：mustn’t；
Eg，——must I clean the classroom？——no，you needn’t；no，you don’t have to； 20. perform an operation on sb== operate on sb 为某人做手术
21. train sb to do sth 训练某人做某事；train as （接受）训练成为…； Eg，she trained as a teacher，她接受训练成为了一名教师。
22. stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事= Keep sb from doing sth =prevent sb from doing sth；
23. （1）return 为不及物动词，意为“回去，回来”，return to someplace 回到某地；=== go/ e back to someplace; 其中to是介词，后接副词时，to要省略。
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word （2）return为及物动词，意为“归还”，== give back；return sb sth == return sth to sb；
注意：return是不和back同时使用的，因为return本身已含有back之意。 24.because 与because of之间的区别； 25. because 与since的区别；
Because表示直接的原因或理由，表示原因的语气最强；回答以why引起的特殊疑问句，只能用because；
Eg，I do it because I like it；
Since表示对方已经知晓，无须加以说明的原因或事实，语气比because要弱； Eg，since you are going，I will go；
As表示的往往是十分明显的原因，听者或读者已经知道或能够看出来，语气较弱，比较口语化；
26. in order to, in order that, so that之间的区别； In order to 与 so as to也都可以表示目的；接目的状语； 专项练习：
1. “Susan stays alone in the classroom and looks sad.” “______ to her?” A what happens B what has happened C what is happening D what was happening 2. don’t you think ______ important to protect our earth? A that B how C it
D this
3. she joins an English club to practice her spoken English, and she will ______
it.
A be good at B drop in C deal with 4. ---- is Jack in the library?
---- maybe. I saw him ______ out with some books just now. A going B go C to go D went
5. ----where would you like to go, Jinan or Qufu?
----______. I only want to go to Qingdao? A neither B either C each D all
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word 6. the global financial crisis has made many people ______their money. A to care for B took care of C be careful with D to be cared about 7. please ______the dog for me while I am away. A look at B look after C look
up D look out
8. Columbus ______ America and Edison ______the electric light bulb.
A discovers; invents B discovered; invented C discovered ; found out D invented; found out
9. it is quite mon in Britain to say “thanks” to the drivers ______people get
off the bus.
A after B since C until D when
10. it is our duty to ______people ______too many trees.
A stop; cutting down B keep; cutting down C make; cut down D prevent; to cut down
11. the children went to school early ______help their teachers water the flowers. A so that B in order that C in order to D in order 12. ----did you buy the camera yesterday?
---- no, I don’t buy it ______my aunt would give me one. A until B before C if D because
13. I can’t go out to play with you now ______I’m too busy. A so B because C
although D because of
14. he bought a digital camera on-line ______he could save some time and money. A so that B in order to C as if D as soon as
15. ---- who will send you to the new school, your mom or your dad?
---- ______. I will go there alone. A both B either C neither D none 16. ----he is a doctor and his brother is a doctor, too.
----you mean both he and his brother ______doctors, right? A is B be C are D was
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word 17. paper-making is ______of ancient China. A one of greatest inventor B one of
the greatest inventors C one of greatest invention D one of the greatest inventions
18. both Jim and Jack ______in Beijing now. They both ______from America. A is; e B are; e C is; es D are; es
19. ----when shall we go the museum, this afternoon or tomorrow morning? ---- ______is ok. I’m free these days. A both B all C either D neither 20. during the spring festival, the heavy snow stopped many people from ______. A
go B goes C went D going
21. we all love Miss Yang. She always makes her history class very ______. A interest B interests C interesting D interested
22. “mum, ______shall we have lunch?” “we will have it when your dad ______.” A when; returns B where; returns C where; will return D when; will return 23. ______it was getting dark, the soldiers continued ______the lost children. A because; to look for B if; looking for C although; looking for D although; look for
24. I was so tired that I wanted to avoid ______my son’s questions. A to answer
B answer C answered D answering
25. it is good ______you to help the old man cross the road. A for B of C to D
with
26. my mother didn’t go to bed ______my father came back last night. A after B
when C until D since
27. the soldiers are still helping the people in the water ______the heavy rain. A even though B in case of C in spite of D in time
28. he gave his life to ______the people in trouble and it made him ______in their
heart. A helping; a hero B helped; a hero C help; heroes D helping; heroes
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