2011全国高考英语单项选择题解析
动词和短语动词专题
南京市高淳湖滨高级中学（211316）杨国顺
1. (2011全国卷,34) William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to . A.disappear B.fall C.fail D.damage 答案：C
解析：考查动词的辨析。disappear消失，不复存在；fall降落，跌倒，降低；fail (指健康)衰退, 衰弱；damage损害, 毁坏, 加害于。句意为“William 发现阅读越来越困难了，因为他的视力开始衰退了。”“increasingly difficult越来越困难”是个渐进的过程，故选C。
2.(2011全国卷II,10) Mary, I_____John of his promise to help you.
A. told B. reminded C. warned D. advised 答案：B
解析：考查动词的辨析。句意为“玛丽，我已经提醒约翰注意他帮助你的承诺了。”remind„ of„ 就…提醒(某人)，使(某人)想起…；warn含有警告的意思。
3.（2011天津卷,6）I a bank account after I made﹩1,000 by doing a part-time job during the summer vacation.
A.borrowed B.opened C.entered D.ordered 答案：B 解析：考查动词的辨析。句意为“暑假兼职打工挣了1000美元后，我在银行开了帐户。”open a bank account在银行开帐户。
4.（2011江苏卷,28）——Are you still mad at her? ——Not really, but I can’t ______ that her remarks hurt me. A．deny B．refuse C．reject 答案：A
D．decline
解析：考查动词的辨析。句意为“——你还生她的气吗？——不见得，但是我不否认她的话伤害了我。”deny否认，否定；refuse，reject ，decline都是拒绝的意思。not deny无法否认。故选A。
5.（2011福建卷,28）I’d prefer to my judgement until I find all the evidence. A.show B. express C.pass D.reserve 答案：D
解析：考查动词的辨析。句意为“我宁愿保留我的判断直到我发现所有的证据。”reserve预订或保留(座位、住处等)， 推迟，留到以后，与后面的until相一致。
6.（2011安徽卷,21）As the story______, the truth about the strange figure is slowly discovered. A. begins B. happens C. ends D. develops 答案：D
解析：考查动词的辨析。句意为“随着故事的展开，这个神秘数字的真相渐渐地被解开了。”
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develop开发, 发展，把(主题或情节)逐步展现出来。根据句意选D。
7.（2011湖北卷,26）Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful, but they may also________ our thinking.
A. direct B. limit C. change D. improve 答案：B
解析：考查动词的辨析。句意为“如果我们想要获得成功，知识和学习很重要。但是它们或许会限制我们的思维。”direct指示, 指引，导演（戏剧或电影）；指挥（管弦乐队）；limit限制；change改变；improve改进，改善。根据句中but的转折，选B。
8.（2011湖北卷,27）The minister said. “We are ready for discussions with any legal parties, but we’ll never_______ with criminals.”
A. negotiate B. quarrel C. argue D. consult 答案：A
解析：考查动词的辨析。negotiate谈判；quarrel吵架，争吵；argue辩论，争辩；consult商议,咨询。句意为“部长说：‘我们愿意与任何合法党派进行讨论，但我们决不与犯罪分子谈判。’”根据句意选A。 9.（2011湖北卷,28）Clinical evidence began to__________, suggesting that the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predicted from experiments in animals.
A. operate B. strenghten C. approve D. accumulate 答案：D
解析：考查动词的辨析。句意为“不断增加的临床证据表明：比起原先从动物实验中所得到的预计，这些新药具有更加广泛有用性。”operate手术，操作；strenghten加强；approve赞成；accumulate积累，（数量）逐渐增加。故选D。
10.(2011辽宁卷,22) What are you doing out of bed, Tom? You're to be asleep. , A. supposed B. known C. thought D. considered 答案：A
解析：考查动词的辨析。句意为“Tom，你不睡觉做什么？你现在应该睡觉。”out of bed未上床，起床的意思，be supposed to do应当，应该。
11.(2011辽宁卷,24) You are old enough to your own living. A.win B. gain C. take D. earn 答案：D
解析：考查动词的辨析。句意为“你长大了，可以自谋生路了。”earn one’s living 谋生，固定搭配。
12. (2011全国卷,26) I can the house being untidy, but I hate it if it’s not clean. A. come up with B.put up with C. turn to D.stick to 答案：B
解析：考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“房子里东西凌乱我能忍，但是脏我讨厌。”come up with想出, 提出；put up with 忍受, 容忍；turn to转向，翻书到，求助于，(使)变成；stick to坚持，紧跟，粘住，忠于。
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不整洁的;凌乱的
13.（2011天津卷,8）She an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.
A.turned down B.dealt with C.took after D.came across 答案：D
解析：考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“昨天在百货商店购物时，她遇上了她的老朋友。”turn down拒绝；deal with对付，处理；take after 长得像，性格类似于，效仿；come across穿过, 越过，偶然遇见。
14.(2011山东卷,25) They are broadening the bridge to ________ the flow of traffic.
A. put off B. speed up C. turn on D. work out 答案：B
解析：考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“他们正在拓宽桥梁以加快交通流量。”put off推迟；speed up加快；turn on打开（水、电视、收音机、灯、煤气等），(使)感兴趣; (使)兴奋；work out算出，实现。拓宽桥梁的目的是加快交通流量，故选B。
15.（2011江苏卷,30）——You look upset. What’s the matter？ —— I had my proposal _______ again.
A．turned over B．turned on C．turned off D．turned down 答案：D
解析：考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“——你看上去不高兴，怎么啦？——我的建议又遭到拒绝了。”turn over翻身，翻转，把……移交；turn on打开（水、电视、收音机、灯、煤气等），(使)感兴趣; (使)兴奋；turn off关掉（电器、水龙头等），使厌烦；turn down关小（音量等），拒绝。根据句意选D。 16.（2011福建卷,31）Born into a family with three brothers, David was to value the sense of sharing.
A.brought up B.turned down C.looked after D.held back 答案：A
解析：考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“出身在一个三兄弟家庭，David受到了要看重与人分享的教育。”bring up教育，养育(孩子)，呕吐(食物)；turn down关小（音量等），拒绝；look after照顾；hold back阻碍，抑制，隐瞒。
17.（2011安徽卷, 34）If you _____faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.
A. come across B. care about C. look for D. focus upon 答案：A
解析：考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“如果你发现这辆自行车有毛病但还是想要，你就要求这家商店的营业员减价。”come across偶然遇到；care about关心，在乎；look for寻找；focus upon专注于。
18.(2011浙江卷,6) The school isn’t the one I really wanted to go to ,but I suppose I’ll just have to __________it,
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A. make the best of B. get away from C. keep an eye on D. catch up with 答案：A
解析：考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“这所学校并不是我原来真正想去的，但我现在想尽量好好利用它了。”make the best of充分利用，尽量好好去做；get away from逃离；keep an eye on照看,，留心; 注意；catch up with追上，赶上。对照现在和过去对学校态度的变化，选A。
19.(2011浙江卷,12) He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of ______at a hotel for the night.
A. putting down B. putting off C. putting on D. putting up 答案：D
解析：考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“他决定一路驾车回家，不在旅馆留宿。”put down放下，平定, 镇压，记下；put off推迟；put on穿上，戴上，上演，假装，增加；put up举起，建立，张贴，投宿。根据句意选D。
20.（2011四川卷,7）To get a better grade, you should __________the notes again before the test. A. go over B. get over C. turn over D. take over 答案：A 解析：考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“为了获得好成绩，你应该在考试前好好复习这些笔记。”go over审查，复习，重温从头到尾检查一遍；get over越过，完成，克服(困难)，从(疾病、失望、震惊等)中恢复过来；turn over翻身，翻转，把……移交；take over接管; 接替。
21.（2011四川卷,14）I often the words I don’t know in the dictionary or on the lnternet.
A.look up B.look at C. look for D.look into 答案：A
解析：考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“我经常在字典里或网上查我所不懂的单词。”look up查（单词、电话号码等）；look at看，注视(某人或某物)；look for寻找；look into深入地检查，研究，调查。
22.（2011陕西卷,25）Some insects________the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves. A. take in B. take off C. take on D. take out 答案：C
解析：考查短语动词的辨析。take in吸收，欺骗；take off拿走, 取下，脱去（衣服等），起飞；take on承担，呈现，雇用；take out把…带出去，清除, 除掉。句意为“一些昆虫为了保护自己，让自己的体色与其周围环境的颜色相似。”
23.（2011湖北卷,29） The government has taken measures to _________ the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.
A. take down B. bring down C. hand down D. tear down 答案：B
解析：考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“政府已经采取措施来降低日常生活用品的价格以保持市场的稳定。”take down拆卸，记录，记下；bring down 使(某物或某人)掉下〔倒下〕， 击败，降(价)；hand down把…传递下来，遗留; 流传；tear down拆毁; 拆卸。根据后面的“保持市场的稳定”选B。
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24.(2011辽宁卷,26) The exam results will be on Friday afternoon.
A. put down B. put off C. put up D. put away 答案：C
解析：考查短语动词的辨析。句意为“考试结果将在星期五下午公布。”put down放下，平定, 镇压，记下；put off推迟；put up举起，建立，张贴，投宿；put away放好，储存，抛弃。根据句意选C。
25.（2011江西卷35）You can’t predict everything. Often things don’t ____ as you expect. A.run out B.break out C.work out D. put out. 答案：C
解析：考查短语动词的辨析。run out 耗尽；break out 打破；work out 算出，实现；put out 扑灭。句意为“你无法预言一切。事情常常不会像你期待的那样实现。”选C。
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