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外研版英语六年级上册语法 知识点总结

2024-04-13 来源:华拓网
*特殊疑问词及其用法

1. How long问,长度(metre/kilometre/centimetre=cm decimetre=dmmillimetre=mm)答

How long is the Great Wall? It’s more than twenty thousand kilometers long.2.How big 问,人口(people)答

How big is Beijing? Beijing’s got about fourteen million people .3.How many+可数名词复数问,数字+可数名词复数答。

How many countries are there in the UN? There are 191 countries are inthe UN.

4. Where问,地点/方向答

Where’s New York? It’s in the east of America.5.When 问,时间答

When is the UN building open? The UN building is open at 9:45.6.What time 问,钟点答。What time is it? It’s ten to five.7. What…doing 问,动词ing答

What are you doing ? I’m sending an email.8. What(is…的hobby)问,爱好答

What is your hobby? Collecting stamps is my hobby./I like collectingstamps.9.What…do问,动词(事情)答。

What do you do on Thanksgiving Day? We always have a special meal.10.Who 问,人物答。

Who can be your pen friend? Jim can be my pen friend.11.Why 问,because 答。

Why can Jim be your pen friend? Because he can speak French.

*同义句转换

1.has got/have got =There is/are 有

Beijing’s got about fourteen million people.北京有一千四百万人口。=There are fourteen million people in Beijing.4. be from=come from来自

These stamps are from my letters= These stamps come from my letters.这些邮票来自我的信。5. give 某人某物=give 某物to 某人 给……He gives the children presents.他给孩子们礼物

=He gives presents to the children.他给礼物孩子们。6. (…的) hobby=…like… ……的爱好=….喜欢…Collecting stamps is my hobby.集邮是我的爱好。=I like collecting stamps.我喜欢集邮。7. lots of =many 许多

There are lots of Chinese shops.有许多中国的商店。=There are many Chinese shops.8. (…的)favourite…= like…best 最喜爱的……

Thanksgiving is my favourite festival. 感恩节是我最喜爱的节日。= I like Thanksgiving best. 我最喜欢感恩节。

9.Pleased to meet you! =Glad to meet you!=Nice to meet you!见到你很高兴!

10. I’d love to…=I would love to...

=I’d like to…= I would like to…= I want to+(动词原形) 我想要……

I’d love to see your photos 我想要看你的照片。=I want to see yourphotos.

*Be动词用法

口诀:

Be有am,is,are,我(I)用am,你(you)用are,is连着他(he)她(she)它(it)我们(we)你们(you)他们(they)要用are,单数名词用is,复数形式要用are

变否定,真容易,be后not为标记

变问句,be提前,句尾问号要配全(?)1.I ______ an English teacher now. 2. Daming ______visiting America.3. These postcards _______ great!

*There be句型 表示有……

There is + 可数名词单数/不可数名词There is a Chinatown in NewYork.

There is some water(milk/juice...). 有一些水。

There are+可数名词复数s There are lots of Chinese shopsthere.

Be动词后有多个名词时,使用就近原则

There _____ two cats and a dog. (有两只猫和一只狗。)There _____ a dog and two cats.(有一只狗和两只猫。)

*频率副词

表示动作的次数 always总是100%,;usually通常80%,often 经常60%,sometimes有时30%,never从不0%。句中没有过去时间

(yesterday, last week,等)和将来时间(tomorrow, next week等)的,出现频率副词,用一般现在时态。

*一般现在时态

表示经常、习惯性的动作或状态。(经常性时间:often,on Sunday,always….)

结构:主语(不是三单)+动词原形+其他+(经常性时间)。 主语(是三单)+动词三单s/es+其他+(经常性时间)。改一般疑问句:动词是原形,在句前加Do,

动词是三单,在句前加Does,动词改回原形。

改否定句:动词是原形,在动词前加don’t,

动词是三单,在动词前加doesn’t,动词改回原形。

主语是第三人称单数的,动词后加s或es例:she often cleans her room.主语是其他人称的,动词用原形,例: I often go swimming. They alwaysgo to school by bike.

*some和any的用法

some一般用于肯定句

any一般用于一般疑问句和否定句。但表示请求的疑问句中可用some。

Have you got _____ stamps? These are _____ stamps from Canada.Would you like _____ noodles?你想要一些面条吗?

*连词and和but的用法

and和、那么、而且 (表示承接)but但是(表示转折)

I’ve got a piano ____I can’t play it.

Sam has got a pet dog_____he often plays with it.

*have got /has got的用法

用法:主语不是三单用have got ,主语是三单用has got.

句中有have/has got时,改一般疑问句把have/has提到句首,改否定句就在have/has 后加n’t.【have/has问,have/has答】

Have you got any …? 肯定回答: Yes, I have. 否定回答: No, I haven’t.

*Can的用法

can后面加动词原形

句中有can时,改一般疑问句把can提到句首,改否定句就在can后加’t.

Can you……? 肯定回答,Yes, I can. 否定回答:No, I can’t.【can问,can答】

● 询问动物是否喜欢什么句型:

Do snakes like music? 【复数问,they答】

肯定回答: Yes, they do. 否定回答: No, they don’t. Do snake like music? 【不分男女问,it答】 肯定回答: Yes, it do. 否定回答: No, it don’t.*询问别人是否经常干某事句型:Do you often…? 你经常干什么吗? 回答:Yes, I do/ No, I don’t/ Not very often/ Not really.

*询问别人是否想要干某事句型:Do you want to +动词原形? 你想干什么吗?

肯定回答:Yes, I(we) do/ Yes, please.

否定回答:No, I (we) don’t/ No, thank you.

*选择疑问句

结构:一般疑问句+or+被选择的情况?回答时,不用Yes或No回答,要

在所供选择中选出一个或多个或Neither(都不)来回答。---Have you got a knife and fork or chopsticks?(选择一项回答)---___________

Have you got a book? Have you got a pen?(改为选择疑问句)____ _____ _____ a book _____ a pen?

*感叹句

What +a/an+形容词+名词单数!

It’s a big map(改感叹句) _____ ______big map !

*强调句

用在动词前加助动词do/does/did用来加强语气,可译为“的确、真的”如:You miss China .(强调句) You ____miss China. 你真的想念中国。He has a toy car. (强调句)He _____ ______ a toy car.他的确有个小汽车玩具。

*祈使句

表示请求、命令、劝告或建议的句子。(主语常常省略)肯定形式:动词原形+其他.

否定形式:Don`t+动词原形+其它。

在表示客气的请求时,常在句首或句末加上please.

例: Be quiet. 安静!Don’t be quiet! Please don’t be quiet.

*动词各种形式的用法

主语不是三单,动词用原形,助动词(do/does/did)+动词原形 情态动词(can/could/will/would/shall/should)+动词原形 Let /to/help+动词原形

主语是三单,动词用三单-s/es,

句中有过去时间,动词用过去式-ed, Be动词/like/love/go+动词-ing

*时间的计时法

顺读法:时+分,表示几点几分 如:seven twenty七点二十

逆读法:(30分钟之前)分钟+past+小时,表示几点过几分。twenty past seven七点二十

(30分钟)half past +小时,表示几点半。如:half past seven七点半

(30分钟之后)分钟+to+小时,表示几点差几分。如:twenty to eight七点四十分

地点方位的表达

in the east/west/south/north of在...的东/西/南/北部,指在一个范围的内部。

San Francisco is in the west of America.旧金山在美国的西部(范围内)B在A范围里面,用in 例:山东在中国东部。 Shandong is in the east ofChina.

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