2014高考英语阅读理解基础极品训练题（38）及答案
第三部分 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
I was doing some Christmas shopping in a toy store and decided to look at Barbie dolls for my nieces. A nicely dressed little girl was excitedly looking through the Barbie dolls as well. As she was looking, a little boy came to the Pokemon toys. He was dressed neatly, but his clothes were obviously old. He was with his father as well, and kept picking up the Pokemon video toys. Each time he picked one up and looked at his father, his father shook his head and said, “No.”
The little girl had chosen her Barbie. However, she stopped and was watching them. Rather dejectedly, the boy had to give up the Pokemon toys and choose something else. The little girl put her Barbie back on the shelf, and ran over to the Pokemon toys. She excitedly picked up one and raced towards the checkout. I picked up my purchases and got in line behind them. Then, much to the little girl’s delight, the little boy and his father got in line behind me. After the toy was paid for and bagged, the little girl handed it back to the cashier (收银员) and whispered something in her ear. The casher smiled and put the package under the counter.
I paid for my purchases and was rearranging things when the little boy came up to the cashier. The cashier checked his purchases and said, “Congratulations, you are my hundredth customer today, and you win a prize!” With that, she handed the little boy the Pokemon toys, and he could only stare in surprise. It was exactly what he had wanted!
The little girl and her father had been standing at the doorway during all of this. Then they walked out. As I walked back to my car, I heard the father ask his daughter why she had done that. I’ll never forget what she said to him. “Daddy, didn’t Grandparents want me to buy something that would make me happy?” He said, “Of course they did, honey.” To which the little girl replied, “Well, I just did!”
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I feel very shocked to have witnessed the true spirit of Christmas in that toy store, in the form of a little girl who understands more about the meaning of this festival than most adults I know.
56. The underlined word “dejectedly” in the second paragraph probably means _____. A. delightedly B. disappointedly C. excitedly D. unexpectedly 57. How did the little boy get the Pokemon toys? A. His father bought him the Poknemon toys.
B. Fortunately, he was the hundredth customer and won the Poknemon toys. C. The cashier felt sympathy for the little boy and gave him the Poknemon toys. D. The little girl bought the Poknemon toys for him.
58. What did the little girl mean when saying “Daddy, didn’t Grandparents want me to buy something that would make me happy?” A. Her Grandparents wanted her to be happy. B. Making the little boy happy made her happy. C. The Poknemon toys made her happy.
D. Her Grandparents hoped that she could help others.
59. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A. the story happened before Christmas.
B. The little boy had not enough money to buy the Poknemon toys.
C. Although the little girl liked the Poknemon toys very much, she gave them to the boy.
D. The author was deeply moved by the behavior of the little girl.
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D
【考点定位】考查细节理解题 58.【答案】B
【解析】根据第四段可知女孩认为自己为男孩买了礼物让男孩很高兴，所以她自己也很高兴 【考点定位】考查细节推理能力。 59.【答案】C
【解析】根据第一段A nicely dressed little girl was excitedly looking through the Barbie dolls as well„.He was with his father as well, and kept picking up the Pokemon video toys. Each time he picked one up and looked at his father, his father shook his head and said, “No.”可知是男孩喜欢the Pokemon video toys非女孩。 【考点定位】考查细节理解题
阅读理解--------E (2013·深圳市二模，D)
Expensive perfumes (香水) come in tiny bottles, but many hide a whalesized secret. To perfect a particular smell, perfumemakers often use an ingredient that comes from sperm whales, called ambergris. But using ambergris, which helps a perfume last longer, is strongly opposed by many people who think it is wrong to kill whales just so we can smell sweet. Joerg Bohlmann is neither a perfumer nor a whale expert.
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He's a plant biologist at the University of British Columbia in Canada. But his discovery of a new plant gene (基因) might push whales out of the perfume business.
The gene comes from fir trees, found throughout North America and commonly used as Christmas trees. The trees produce a chemical that can be used in perfume in place of ambergris—but with_a_catch.
“There's a problem that many people wouldn't consider. In the tree, the chemical is mixed with many others. That makes separation a challenge，” Bohlmann says. “It's like trying to isolate sugar from a biscuit.”
This is where science becomes useful. When Bohlmann learned that fir trees produce the ambergrislike chemical, he decided to use his gene knowhow to find the instructions for how to make the ambergrissubstitute.
Bohlmann found that gene and took it out of the tree cells. Then he did something that might sound strange to someone who doesn't work in genetics: Bohlmann put the gene from the tree into yeast (酵母) cells.
Yeast may sound familiar because it's used to make things like bread, wine and beer. Biologists like to work with yeast because it easily adopts new genes and changes its features and behaviour. When Bohlmann put the fir tree gene into the yeast, the yeast started making the same chemical that had been produced by the tree.
Perfumers pay big money for ambergris because it is a fixative, which means it holds a smell in place on a person's body.
“Cheap perfumes smell good in the first hour or so and then everything is gone，” explains Bohlmann. “But expensive perfumes are much more stable. Their smell lasts much longer, for hours or even a day after you apply them.”
The new chemical, made from the tree genes, can be used as a fixative, too. And using yeast to make it is far cheaper than acquiring ambergris.
Bohlmann admits he never thought he'd get into the perfume business. But now, he says, producers have been calling to find out how to use his technology in new perfumes.
文章大意：本文是一篇科普说明文。介绍了一种使香水香味持久的物质——龙涎香，因这一物质来自于鲸，所以遭到人们的反对。科学家们发现一些树中的化学物质可以用来取代它，他们利用酵母菌成功制造出了这些化学物质。
16．It can be inferred from the passage that if a perfume contains ambergris, ________.
A．its user probably supports whale hunting
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B．its smell will last for about an hour C．there will be a whale symbol on the bottle D．it is probably very expensive
答案：D 推理判断题。根据第二段第二句中“But using ambergris, which helps a perfume last longer...”以及倒数第三段中“But expensive perfumes are much more stable.”可知，含有龙涎香的香水价格昂贵，故D项正确；根据倒数第三段中“Their smell lasts much longer, for hours or even a day after you apply them.”可知，B项错误；根据第二段第二句中“is strongly opposed by many people who think it is wrong to kill whales...”可知，A项错误；C项文中未提及相关信息。
17．The underlined expression “with a catch” in Paragraph 3 means ________. A．being difficult to hold B．having a hidden problem
C．needing further testing D．being too similar
答案：B 词义猜测题。根据第四段中“There's a problem that many people wouldn't consider.”可知，该词组意为“有隐含的问题”，故B项正确。
18．According to the passage, why are yeast cells often used in genetic research? A．They can take on the characteristics of other genes. B．They can reproduce much faster than other cells. C．They share some of the qualities of plant genes. D．They're much cheaper to use than ambergris.
答案：A 细节理解题。根据第七段第二句中“it easily adopts new genes and changes its features and behaviour.”可知，由于酵母菌容易吸收其他基因，并将目的基因成功表达出来，故常被用于基因工程研究中，故A项正确。
19．What can we learn about Joerg Bohlmann from the passage? A．He is opposed to whale hunting.
B．He made his discovery during Christmas.
C．He has worked in the perfume industry for many years. D．He has previously done genetic research.
答案：D 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“But his discovery of a new plant gene (基因)．.. the perfume business.”及第三段表达的语境可知，Joery Bohlmann已经意识到，这些树中某些基因所产生的化学物质可以被用于香水中以代替龙涎香，但是这些化学物质和其他物质混合在一起，难以分离，故可以断定，Joerg Bohlmann曾经做过基因研究，故D项正确。
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20．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Christmas tree's secret. B．The sweet smell of success. C．Whalefree perfume. D．Save the whale.
答案：C 标题概括题。根据文章第一段“Expensive perfumes (香水) come in tiny bottles, but many hide a whalesized secret.”及文章最后一句中“producers have been calling to find out how to use his technology in new perfumes.”可知，本文主要介绍了在香水中使用的龙涎香，这种价格昂贵的物质，最终被树中的某种化学物质成功取代。故C项为最佳标题。
(十)A
(2013·东北三省四市第二次联考，A)
I was driving home the other day on a sunny afternoon. I had a smile on my face as I sang along to the songs on the radio. It was such a beautiful day that I felt full of happiness. My good mood ended, however, when the radio station took a news break between songs. Then suddenly I found myself listening to yet another story of a rich famous man who had broken the law. I shook my head as I came to a red traffic light.
As I pulled to a stop I noticed four leatherjacketed bikers. They were standing in the middle of the road with two on either side of the light. They looked rough and dangerous, but as I got closer I noticed each one was holding their helmet in their hands. I rolled down my window as one approached my car. “We are the Brother of the Wheel，” he said. “We are collecting money for Christmas Toy Drive for needy children.” As I pulled a dollar out of my wallet I looked past his beard and into his eyes. They shined with goodness and kindness that came right from his soul. I dropped the money in his helmet and waved to the other bikers as I drove off. My good mood had returned. My faith in mankind had been bolstered. And I remembered once again never to judge people by their appearance.
Our society often judges books by their covers but God reads what is written in our hearts and souls. Perhaps one day we will all learn to see the world through the same eyes. Perhaps one day we will realize that looks matter little and actions matter
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much.
文章大意：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者在等红灯时见到了四位穿着皮夹克、骑自行车的年轻人，他们看起来粗鲁而危险，然而他们正在为贫困儿童募捐，他们的目光充满善良和友好。此事让作者意识到，不能以貌取人，而应看他人的行动。
1．The writer's good mood ended when ________. A．he heard news between songs
B．he had to stop at a red traffic light C．he heard a rich man broke the law D．he saw four leatherjacketed bikers
答案：A 细节理解题。根据第一段第四句“My good mood ended, however, when the radio station took a news break between songs.”可知，歌曲间歇插播的新闻使作者没了好心情。故答案选A。
2．What were the four bikers doing at the traffic lights? A．Having a bicycle race in the street. B．Selling helmets to the passersby. C．Raising money to help kids in need. D．Preparing for Christmas holidays.
答案：C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“We are collecting money for Christmas Toy Drive for needy children.”可知，他们是在为贫困儿童募捐。故答案选C。
3．What does “bolstered” in the second paragraph probably mean? A．Destroyed. C．Decreased.
B．Improved. D．Exploded.
答案：B 词义猜测题。根据第二段画线词的上下文内容可知，作者起初对这四个人印象不好，因为他们看起来很粗鲁，并且很危险。但在得知他们真正的目的后，作者的看法改变了。作者对人性的认识得到了提升，明白了“不能以貌取人”的道理。因此bolster应与improve意思相近。故答案选B。
4．The writer wants to tell us that we should ________. A．have faith in young people B．judge others by their actions C．change our attitude to society D．manage to help others in need
答案：B 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后一句“Perhaps one day we will realize that looks matter little and actions matter much.”可知，作者想要告诉读者不要以貌取人，行动更重要。故答案选B。
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阅读理解--------B
The following are the results of the tests done by “Family and Home Magazine” on some Pocket Tape-Recorders on the market now. Pearlcorder S702 $64
This simple model at the bottom of the Olympus range scored the most points for its excellent quality of recording. Background noise hardly affects the sound and recording from a pocket is perfectly possible, but it doesn’t turn off automatically. Tape length: 30minutes per side. Weight: 240g. Sony M9 $49.95
Small and very good looking, Sony’s latest offering scored most for its appearance. Sounds clear, but there is slight machine noise. The big control buttons are a great improvement on some of the complicated little controls on other tape-recorders. It doesn’t switch off automatically, but a red light shows if the machine is still running.
Tape length: 60minutes per side. Weight: 195g. Sony M400 $115
Lots of little control buttons that make a noise are difficult to use. Recording is good but machine noise loses points. Tape counter and automatic switch-off when tape has finished recording or rewinding are useful. Tape length: 60 minutes per side. Weight: 230g. Imperial OEM MC7 $ 29.95
Cheap and simple compared with the rest, but recording is good as long as there is no background noise. Use only its own-make of cassette. No light to show it is on; no fast-forward button and the record button makes a loud noise. Tape length: 30 minutes per side. Weight: 285g. Philips 585 $80
Handsome and simple to use, but recording is very poor at more than the recommended
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distance of 5 cm-designed for dictation. No recording light. Tape length: 15 minutes per side. Weight: 220g.
60. The machine that produces the best recording with the least unwanted noise is _____.
A. Pearlcorder S 702 B. Sony M9 C. Sony M400 D. Imperial OEM MC7 61. If you want a machine which turns off automatically and weighs very little you should choose _____.
A. Pearlcorder S 702 B. Sony M9 C. Sony M400 D. Philips 585 62. Which of the following allows you to record longest but costs you least? A. Philips 585 B. Imperial OEM MC7 C. Sony M400 D. Sony M9 63. What disadvantage does only the Imperial OEM MC7 have?
A. No light shows when it is on. B. It requires a special cassette. C. It picks up background noise . D. The record button makes a noise. 【文章大意】本文是“Family and Home Magazine”杂志对目前市场上的几种便携式录音机进行测试结果的介绍。 60.【答案】A
【解析】根据第二段Background noise hardly affects the sound and recording from a pocket is perfectly possible,可知Pearlcorder S 702型号的录音机没有噪音故选A 【考点定位】考查阅读细节理解能力。 61.【答案】C
【解析】文中介绍的几个型号的录音机只有Sony M400是自动打开的，根据题意选C.
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